Scientific report contains the formulation of problems and hypothesis, goal, method, result, discussion, and conclusion

The results of science experiment need to the recorded in the form of a science report. It contains a description of experiment written in concise form. The description should be clear and systematic, outlining the following points; the formulation of problem and hypothesis, goal, method, result, discussion, and conclusion.

The Formula of problem and Hypothesis

The experiment is started with a question  (or question), then followed by hypothesis formulation. For example, the question is why does plant A grow better in open spaces than plant B does in shaded in shaded places? The hypothesis is that sunshine affects the rate of growth of plant A

Aim

To understand the aim of an experiment, one can answer these question

1.       Why does the experiment need to be performed?

2.       What problem will be solved?

3.       What hypothesis will be tested?

For example, the aim of the sample experiment to is to know the effect of light towards the growth of plant A.

Method

Method is a description of the steps we are going to take and how to pursue them. Besides, we also need to record species used in the experiment, tools and chemicals, and controls to be set. In the sample, we need a flux meter to measure light intensity and ruler or vernier calipers to measure plant height and diameter, in order to determine the growth.

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Results

The results of experiments are the data collected. During research, data can be obtained or read as results. For instance, the sample will yield data on the height of plants on varying light intensity including the control. Also, limited qualitative data can be obtained such as the characteristics of the leaves, stem, and root. All data should be recorded well.

Data need to be presented concisely and systematically. It will help other to understand the result of the experiment. To choose the best form of presentation of data, one need to know the data type. If the data quantitave. It can be presented in the form of schemes or a detailed description. For example, the characteristic of an organism can be presented by describing morphology (shape, size, and color) or the developmental process of an organism such as the stages of butterfly metamorphosis. If the data is quantitave. Such as number, presentation can be in the form of tables, diagram, and graph.

Discussion

The discussion of the result should be whether they support or do not support the hypothesis. Reliability and validity of the results should be considered, whether there are any errors in the results and what the magnitude of these errors would be. Additional relevant information can be collected from scientific books and articles. They act as additional support or comparison toward the results.

A scientific article is a published version of experimental results. Scientific article can be found in scientific journals or periodicals. Generally, the structure of a scientific article are introduction, content, and conclusion.

Conclusion

The conclusion is the summary of the results and discussion of the experiment. It is made by answering the initial aim. Again, the result may or may not support the hypothesis.

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